The Overpopulation of the White-tailed Deer
Less than seventy years ago, the white-tailed deer population in the United States was nothing compared to what it is today. The white-tailed deer is one example of many wildlife species that have become overpopulated. Most of the overpopulation of wildlife, as is the case with the white-tailed deer, has been aided by man. The white-tailed deer is one of the most hunted game species in the world. Many outdoorsmen have been drawn to seek these very cautious, alert, and stealthy animals. Many have found the sport of deer hunting a family tradition, which has been handed down from generation to generation.
The first generation of deer hunters, such as the Native Americans and the English settlers, did not hunt deer just for the sport. Rather, that had to hunt deer for their survival, in order to feed themselves and their family. The deer hunting in today’s world is considered a sport, more so than a means of putting food on the table.
With the sport of deer hunting being handed down with every generation and the population of the United States increasing dramatically, many laws were put into effect in each state that would allow for deer populations to increase in order to meet the supply for an increasing demand of deer hunters. Due to the population of United States citizens increasing and the deer population increasing, it seems as though the two have met. Much of the habitat that supports the deer population is becoming urbanized. Which has led to many communities complaining when the deer that once lived in their new backyard are eating their expensive shrubs, flowers and grasses. Also, these increased populations have led to more deer-vehicle accidents than ever before.
Because deer hunting has become more of a sport than a necessity has also led to overpopulation of deer on what are commonly referred to as deer farms. These are areas where “outdoorsmen” can pay money to “hunt” deer that live on these farms. Many of these farms are fenced in areas, with the population of deer nearly double what it should be. These farms also supplementary feed the deer out of troughs a lot like feeding silage to cows. The feeding of the overpopulation of deer at centralized areas has enabled diseases to spread very quickly among the herd. This is the case with what is know as Chronic Wasting Disease. This disease attacks the brain of the deer and eventually deteriorates it until the deer dies. This disease was only found in captive animals on deer farms, until only a few months ago, when it was found in several species of wild deer in Colorado.
One method of not necessarily stopping, but minimizing the risk of Chronic Wasting Disease has already been implemented. The SCDNR has laws that prohibit the buying and shipping of captive deer from another state into South Carolina. I believe that this is a good method of control, but a downfall to it is that it will be hard to enforce and assess the law.
There has always been a constant battle between the populations of humans and the populations of wildlife and animals that we use for food and pleasure. It is very important that we do what we can to keep both of these populations in check, so that the resources that are needed for survival of both humans and animals are available. The main concern and question to be asked is how much are we as the human population willing to sacrifice to provide what we can for other inhabitants of our land. Mother Nature, as she has in the past, will balance things out, one way or another.